The electrical discharge machining (EDM) machine uses a continuously moving fine metal wire (called the electrode wire) as the electrode to perform pulse spark discharge machining, eroding metal and cutting into shape. The electrical pulse electrode is a hollow copper rod. The medium passes through the hole in the copper rod and discharges with the workpiece, corroding the metal to achieve perforation, suitable for processing fine holes in superhard steel, hard alloys, copper, aluminum, and any conductive materials.

The EDM machine is easy to operate, with the spindle driven by a DC servo or stepper motor, adjustable speed, good processing stability, and low noise. The worktable has a moving grating display, allowing the selection of processing parameters based on the differences in electrode-workpiece and electrode materials, with a wide range of parameter adjustments. It can directly penetrate from the curved surface or inclined surface of the workpiece. The working fluid can directly use tap water, and using pure water (distilled water, deionized water) yields better processing results.

To better use the EDM machine, attention should be paid to the maintenance of these four aspects:

1. The crankshaft inside the water pump bears a very high pressure, so the lubricating oil must be replaced immediately after a period of operation. If not replaced in time, it can lead to very serious consequences. The water pump is a very important component in the small hole machine, and if this component has issues, it will affect the use of the entire machine.

2. The rotating head operates under high pressure, and its sealing components need to be replaced regularly. If replacement is only done after leaks occur, water may have already penetrated into the bearings, leading to greater losses.

3. The mechanical parts (mainly the frequently moving parts) need to be lubricated with oil or guide rail oil as required. The EDM machine has developed rapidly and is widely used in mold processing, generally regarded as supporting equipment for EDM wire cutting machines, used for processing wire holes, synthetic fiber spray heads, group holes in sieve plates, engine blades, cooling holes in cylinder bodies, air passage holes, etc., suitable for cutting initial holes, nozzle holes, filter holes, air holes, and group holes in various metals and superhard conductive materials.

4. After each use, the water and workpiece debris on the worktable must be cleaned thoroughly. The dust inside the electrical box should also be cleaned regularly, as this helps with the heat dissipation of electrical components. If the dust on the printed circuit board is not removed over time, it can easily absorb moisture and corrosive substances from the air, corroding the originally fine conductive copper foil and causing faults in the EDM machine.